In theory, what should be the slope of the graph you will make of your data when you plot. Experimental research pdf by explorable a short, very precise and clear introduction to experimental research, created by. Cathode ray experiment was a result of english physicists named j. The cro recruit the cathode ray tube and acts as a heat of the oscilloscope. Set maximum amplitude in cro with the help of variable attenuator, let it be x. To study frequency modulation and determine its modulation factor 4. The heart of the oscilloscope is a cathode ray tube or crt, of the sort you have already studied. Example 7 on an accelerated electron see lesson 1 describes a portion of a cathode ray tube crt. The goal of this lab exercise is to study the phenomena of magnetic hysteresis and calculate the retentivity, coercivity and saturation magnetization of a material using a hysteresis loop tracer hlt111. The objective of this experiment is to study the behavior of an rlc series circuit subject to an ac input voltage. Cathode ray oscilloscope cro questions and answers q1.
Looking at the face of the instrument, you are viewing the screen that. The cathode ray oscilloscope is an electronic test instrument, it is used to obtain waveforms when the different input signals are given. Experiment 10 rlc series circuit resonance in an rlc series circuit objective. When the cathode rays fall of the screen pictures are visible on the screen. Cro is basically an xy 2 dimensional plotter which can plot an input signal vs another signal or an input signal vs time. Vinac vs vout for fixed carrier po and signal frequency,fo 2. Effective experiments has helped us document our observations, ideas and ab tests. This book will help you understand basic terms and concepts about scientific experiments. The general practice in several universities for the conduct of experimental laboratory class has been to enable students take observations and. The voltage through an rlc series circuit will be measured as a function of frequency for a fixed applied voltage. To study the operation of ujt firing circuit for scr.
Introduction this laboratory is about verifying the transient behavior of rc and rl circuits. Benamkan microwave lab manual sila benamkan kod di bawah. It is typically divided into four sections which are display, vertical controllers, horizontal controllers, and triggers. Both function generators and oscilloscopes are highly sophisticated and technologically mature devices. It helps us keep track of our own processes and progression and most importantly, it allows us to build a knowledge database for the entire organization, making us more successful in everything related to cro. In the most common use of the oscilloscope the signal to be studied is first amplified and then applied to the vertical deflection plates to deflect the beam. To study dsbssb amplitude modulation and determine its modulation. The cathode ray oscilloscope introduction the following should give the student some familiarisation with the function and uses of the cathode ray oscilloscope c.
The words study and experiment are often misused by students. To plot and study the input and output chacterstics of bjt in. To plot the characteristics of ujt and ujt as relaxation. A cathode ray oscilloscope is a very fast xy plotters that can display an input signal versus time or other signal. Design issues edgar r miller iii phd, md welch center for prevention, epidemiology and clinical research johns hopkins university school of medicine and bloomberg school of public health 2 type of studies nonexperimental observational case report case series crosssectional survey. Introduction by definition, clipping circuits clip signals above a selected voltage level, whereas clamping circuits.
One way to respect and preserve the privacy of family members is for the researcher to develop a strategy that allows the family member who is already in the study to provide information sheets. State whether the statement is true or false a negative high voltage is applied to the filament to emit electrons and justify your answer. English language teaching march, 2010 191 an experimental study on the effectiveness of multimedia in college english teaching jing liu school of foreign. How are you going to determine the capacitance of the unknown capacitor using the oscilloscope in the first part of the experiment. Effective experiments cro program management and workflow tool. The student will measure the circuit current, the voltages across the resistor and the generator. To design wave shapes that meet different circuits needs. The cathode ray oscilloscope cro is laboratory equipment used primarily for displaying and analyzing different waveforms of various electronic as well as electrical circuits.
Cro is a measuring and testing instrument used in the study of. Study of a digital storage cro and store a transient on it. During his experiment he discovered electron and it is one of the most important discoveries in the history of physics. Conducting research for research sake or the publish or perish mentality, has resulted in a flood of research publications that have little impact on health the 1090 gap in medical research only 10% of global research funding is. For more information about cathode ray experiment, the discovery of electron or other subatomic particles, you can download byjus the learning app. To study sampling and reconstruction of pulse amplitude modulation system 6. The reason for such is because study had been synonymous to any endeavor where intelligence, observation, and several other practices were involved.
Consider a simple sine wave electrical signal from some source as in fig. Cro the cathode ray oscilloscope is probably the most versatile tool for deployment of electronic circuit and system. The remote trigger equipment allows you to control the applied magnetic field h. The cathoderay oscilloscope cro is a common laboratory instrument that provides accurate time and aplitude measurements of voltage signals over a wide range of frequencies. To this, experiments have been regarded as another form of study. Theory the oscilloscope, or scope for short, is a device for drawing calibrated graphs of voltage vs time very quickly and conveniently. You need to understand what is meant by wavelength, frequency, period and root mean square. Such an instrument is obviously useful for the design and. The programme is a presentation by bikash agarwal, assistant professor, electronics and communication engineering technology, don bosco. The user can then study this picture to learn the amplitude, frequency, and overall shape of the signal which may depend on the physics being explored in the experiment.
Of course, oscilloscopes can be calibrated to read the correct voltage. A cro is an electronic device with a crt as its main component and other associated circuits consisting of a power supply unit, a sawtoothwave. The major problems facing research today is the lack of application of research findings. Ee 442 laboratory experiment 1 introduction to the function generator and the oscilloscope ee 442 lab experiment no. View 20 top cathode ray oscilloscope cro questions and answers pdf cathode ray oscilloscope cro quest from based on n 98 at atmiya institute of technology. To study the series and parallel lcr circuit and plot the resonance curve at the. He was even awarded a nobel prize in physics for this discovery and his work on the conduction of electricity. Ee 442 laboratory experiment 1 introduction to the function generator and the oscilloscope i. Cathode ray oscilloscope cro is a measuring and testing instrument used in the study of electricity and electronics.
The scope is an extremely versatile and powerful instrument that we will use throughout the semester for observing timevarying electronic signals. Conversion rate optimization requires knowing how to implement the right techniques, the right way, to get results. He has explained about two apparatus namely function. Cro cathode ray oscilloscope working and applications.
The oscilloscope and ac measurements the main purpose of this laboratory is to gain some experience in the use of the laboratory digital oscilloscopes. To use lissajous figures to take phase measurements. Most of the oscilloscopes are used the probes and they are used for the input of any instrum. For this reason, an oscilloscope can also be viewed as a plotter. To study and perform amplitude modulation 2 to study and perform frequency modulation and demodulation. Cathode ray oscilloscope cro questions and answers. The general practice in several universities for the conduct of experimental laboratory class has been to enable students take observations and allow the submission in one week time. Experiments based on cro the wave shapes analysis, measurement of frequency and voltage values peak to peak and rms at different ac. If we can arrange things so that this sinusoidal voltage is applied. Cathoderay oscilloscope, multimeter, and oscillator. What is the principle of operation of cathode ray oscilloscope. Abstract the experiment is aimed at providing a basic, initial information and handson experience on how to use a cathode ray oscilloscope in a laboratory for typical measurements involving input voltage signals. An experimental study on the effectiveness of multimedia. Why carrier is suppressed in dsbsc signal and hw the original signal is demodulated at the.
The phase angle that the generator voltage makes with respect to the electric current will also be measured. Lab 1 measurements of frequency equipment and preparation part a. To study amplitude demodulation by linear diode detector 3. An experimental study on the effectiveness of multimedia in. Weve put this list together to help clients understand various techniques, their range of effectiveness, and the varying effort required. Nov 16, 2011 the programme is a presentation by bikash agarwal, assistant professor, electronics and communication engineering technology, don bosco. Measurement of phase difference between two signals using dual beam cro. A cathode ray oscilloscope is used to study waveforms, transients, time based or. To study digital instruments digital voltmeter, digital. We offer the preclinical development pipeline with an industry leading portfolio of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. A laboratory oscilloscope, two function generators, a few regular connecting wires. Cro screen, a luminous spot enables us to study the instantaneous value of input voltage.
The following block diagram shows the general purpose cro contraction. Experiment 6 clipping and clamping diode circuits objectives to understand the theory of operation of the clipping and clamping diode circuits. Resistor r limits the circuit current to a suitable value for the zener diode and ujt. To experimentally determine the resonance frequency in a series rlc circuit and compare this to the expected resonance value. In an oscilloscope, the crt produces the electron beam which is accelerated to a high velocity and brings to the focal point on a fluorescent screen.
To study the cro and measure the frequency and amplitude. To see the front panel of the oscilloscope in more detail, open the pdf file for this lab on the course web page and use adobes magnify option. Cro the cathode ray oscilloscope is probably the most versatile tool for deployment of electronic circuit and. Difference between study and experiment difference between. A cathode ray oscilloscope cro is an instrument generally used in a laboratory to display, measure and analyze various waveforms of electrical circuits.
The oscilloscope vision is the art of seeing things invisible. An experimental study on the effectiveness of multimedia in college english teaching jing liu school of foreign language, qingdao university of science and technology 69 songling road, qingdao 266061, china tel. To study and perform pulse position 6 to study and perform pulse code modulation. The main aim of the experiment is to study the following ac characteristics of an intensity modulation laser and optics systems. Sep 21, 2014 experiments based on cro the wave shapes analysis, measurement of frequency and voltage values peak to peak and rms at different ac. The cathode ray oscilloscope cro is a very useful and versatile laboratory instrument used for display, measurement and analysis of waveforms and other phenomenon in electrical and electronics circuits. The student oscilloscope can be used to study the physical principles of the timeresolved display of electrical signals on a fluorescent screen. This tube, is commonly used to obtain a visual display of. For now, a qualitative study of how oscilloscopes operate is the main purpose of this experiment. You need to revise the natural and step response of rc and rl circuits you have covered in lectures. Cathode ray oscilloscopes use luminous spots which are produced by.
The screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope, the monitor of a computer, are coated with fluorescent substances. To use lissajous figures to take frequency measurements. Swift 16671745 objective to learn to operate a cathode ray oscilloscope. Introduction the purpose of this lab is to learn the basic operation of a function.
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